Employee Manufacturing Tools

 

The following information is provided as reference guide only. If you have questions about anything that is listed please contact us via our admin email on the contact page. In an on going effort to build a site that is both instructional and relevant for the manufacturing industry today, we would encourage you to contribute to the content for the building up of the entire industry. If you would like to contribute please contact us via our admi email as well.

Drilling Information
Tapping Information
Milling Information
Turning Information
Heat Treating Information


Drilling Formulas:

To calculate the RPM (speed) of a drill -

(12 * SFM) / (Drill diameter * 3.14)

For mild steel SFM = 100

example: speed for 1/2 drill

RPM = (12 * 100) / (.50 8 3.14)
RPM = 764

Drilling Speed and Feed Calculator

 

Recommended Speeds in Feet per Minute (SFM)

Material————————————– Recommended Speeds in Feet per Minute

Aluminum and alloys——————————————————— 200-300

Brass and bronze (ordinary)———————————————— 150-300

Bronze (high tensile)——————————————————- 70-150

Die casting (zinc base)—————————————————- 300-400

High temperature alloys- cobalt base

Hs25,s816,v36—————————————————————- 10-20

Iron base

Inco 800, a286,n155———————————————————- 10-20

Nickel base

Inconel 700,u500, rene ”41————————————————— 7- 15

Iron-cast (soft)————————————————————–75-125

Iron-cast (medium hard)——————————————————-50-100

Iron-hard chilled————————————————————–10-20

Iron-malleable—————————————————————–80-90

Magnesium and its alloys————————————————–250-400

Monel metal or high-nickel steel ———————————————30-50

Plastics or similar materials (Bakelite)————————————100-300

Steel-mild .2 to .3 carbon—————————————————–80-110

Steel .4 to .5 carbon———————————————————–70-80

Tool 1.2 carbon—————————————————————-50-60

Forgings————————————————————————40-50

Alloy-300 Brinell————————————————————–20-30

High Tensile (heat treated)

35 to 40 Rockwell c————————————————————30-40

40 to 45 Rockwell c————————————————————25-35

45 to 50 Rockwell c————————————————————15-25

50 to 55 Rockwell c————————————————————-7-15

Managing

(heat treated)——————————————————-7-20

(Annealed)———————————————————————40-55

Stainless Steel

Free machining group 303,303se,430f,416f,420f————————————————–30-100

Chromium-nickel group (non-hardenable) (300 series) (1) (400 series (2)———————————————-20-60

Straight chromium group heat treated (400 series (3)——————————————————————10-30

Titanium alloys—————————————————————-50-60

Commercially pure————————————————————50-60

 

 Recommended Feeds of Various Diameter Drills

Diameter of Drill ————————————- Feed in Inches per Revolution

Under 1/16 ——————————————————— .001 to .003

1/8 to 1/4 ———————————————————- .002 to .006

1/4 to 1/2 ———————————————————- .004 to .010

1/2 to 1.0 ———————————————————– .007 to .015

1.0 and over ——————————————————– .015 to .025

Note:  It is best to start with a moderate speed and feed, increasing either one, or both, after observing the action and condition of the drill.

Return to Top
************************************************************************************************************

Tapping Information:

 

                                                                                                                   English Thread

Tap Size Fractional Drill Size    Number Drill Size Letter Drill Size
0-80 3/64 - -
1-64 - 53 -
2-56 - 50 -
3-48 - 47 -
4-40 3/32 43 -
5-40 - 38 -
6-32 7/64 36 -
8-32 - 29 -
10-24 9/64 25 -
10-32 5/32 21 -
12-24 11/64 16 -
1/4-20 13/64 7 -
1/4-28 7/32 3 -
5/16-18 17/64 - F
5/16-24 - - I
3/8-16 5/16 - -
3/8-24 21/64 - Q
7/16-14 23/64 - U
7/16-20 25/64 - -
1/2-13 27/64 - -
1/2-20 29/64 - -
9/16-12 31/64 - -
9/16-18 33/64 - -
5/8-11 17/32 - -
5/8-18 37/64 - -
3/4-10 21/32 - -
3/4-16 11/16 - -
Drill sizes are for 75% depth of thread.

 

 

                                                                                                                      Metric Threads

Tap Metric Drill Imperial Drill
3 mm × 0.5 2.5 mm -
4 mm × 0.7 3.3 mm -
5 mm × 0.8 4.2 mm -
6 mm × 1.0 5.0 mm -
7 mm × 1.0 6.0 mm 15/64
8 mm × 1.25 6.8 mm 17/64
8 mm × 1.0 7.0 mm -
10 mm × 1.5 8.5 mm -
10 mm × 1.25 8.8 mm 11/32
10 mm × 1.0 9.0 mm -
12 mm × 1.75 10.3 mm -
12 mm × 1.5 10.5 mm 27/64
14 mm × 2.0 12.0 mm -
14 mm × 1.5 12.5 mm 1/2
16 mm × 2.0 14.0 mm 35/64
16 mm × 1.5 14.5 mm -
Drill sizes are for 75% depth of thread.

Return to Top
 ************************************************************************************************************


 Milling Formulas:

Surface Speed Per Minute                                                                                 Revolutions Per Minute

SFM = .26 * Diameter * RPM                                                                              RPM = ( 3.82 * SFM ) / Diameter  

Inches Per Minute                                                                                                Feed Per Tooth

IPM = RPM * FPR                                                                                                     FPT = FPR / Number of Effective Teeth  

Material Removal Rate                                                                                       Cut Time

MRR = WOC * DOC * IPM                                                                                     CT = LOC / IPM

 Feed Per Revolution

FPR = IPM / RPM or Effective Flutes * Feed per Flute  

WOC = width of cut                                                              LOC = length of cut                                                                     DOC = depth of cut

Milling Speed and Feed Calculator

Return to Top
************************************************************************************************************


Turning Formulas:

Turning Speed and Feed Calculator

Return to Top
***********************************************************************************************************


Heat treat Hardness Conversion 

Brinell/Rockwell/Tensile Chart

Brinell

Rockwell
C

Rockwell
B

Rockwell
A

Tensile
(ksi)

745

65.3

-

84.1

-

712

-

-

-

-

682

61.7

-

82.2

-

653

60.0

-

81.2

-

627

58.7

-

80.5

-

601

57.3

-

79.8

-

578

56.0

-

79.1

-

555

54.7

-

78.4

298

534

53.5

-

77.8

288

514

52.1

-

76.9

274

495

51.0

-

76.3

264

477

49.6

-

75.6

252

461

48.5

-

74.9

242

444

47.1

-

74.2

230

429

45.7

-

73.4

219

415

44.5

-

72.8

212

401

43.1

-

72.0

202

388

41.8

-

71.4

193

375

40.4

-

70.6

184

363

39.1

-

70.0

177

352

37.9

-

69.3

170

341

36.6

-

68.7

163

331

35.5

-

68.1

158

321

34.3

-

76.5

152

311

33.1

-

66.9

147

302

32.1

-

66.3

143

293

30.9

-

65.7

139

285

29.9

-

65.3

135

277

28.8

-

64.6

131

269

27.6

-

64.1

128

262

26.6

-

63.6

125

255

25.4

-

63.0

121

248

24.2

-

62.5

118

241

22.8

100.0

61.8

114

235

21.7

99.0

61.4

111

229

20.5

98.2

60.8

109

223

-

97.3

-

104

217

-

96.4

-

103

212

-

95.5

-

100

207

-

94.6

-

99

201

-

93.8

-

97

197

-

92.8

-

94

192

-

91.9

-

92

187

-

90.7

-

90

183

-

90.0

-

89

179

-

89.0

-

88

174

-

87.8

-

86

170

-

86.8

-

84

167

-

86.0

-

83

163

-

85.0

-

82

156

-

82.9

-

80

149

-

80.8

-

-

143

-

78.7

-

-

137

-

76.4

-

-

131

-

74.0

-

-

126

-

72.0

-

-

121

-

69.8

-

-

116

-

67.6

-

-

111

-

65.7

-

-

 

 

Return to Top