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Drilling Information
Tapping Information
Milling Information
Turning Information
Heat Treating Information
To calculate the RPM (speed) of a drill -
(12 * SFM) / (Drill diameter * 3.14)
For mild steel SFM = 100
example: speed for 1/2 drill
RPM = (12 * 100) / (.50 8 3.14)
RPM = 764
Drilling Speed and Feed Calculator
Recommended Speeds in Feet per Minute (SFM)
Material————————————– Recommended Speeds in Feet per Minute
Aluminum and alloys——————————————————— 200-300
Brass and bronze (ordinary)———————————————— 150-300
Bronze (high tensile)——————————————————- 70-150
Die casting (zinc base)—————————————————- 300-400
High temperature alloys- cobalt base
Hs25,s816,v36—————————————————————- 10-20
Iron base
Inco 800, a286,n155———————————————————- 10-20
Nickel base
Inconel 700,u500, rene ”41————————————————— 7- 15
Iron-cast (soft)————————————————————–75-125
Iron-cast (medium hard)——————————————————-50-100
Iron-hard chilled————————————————————–10-20
Iron-malleable—————————————————————–80-90
Magnesium and its alloys————————————————–250-400
Monel metal or high-nickel steel ———————————————30-50
Plastics or similar materials (Bakelite)————————————100-300
Steel-mild .2 to .3 carbon—————————————————–80-110
Steel .4 to .5 carbon———————————————————–70-80
Tool 1.2 carbon—————————————————————-50-60
Forgings————————————————————————40-50
Alloy-300 Brinell————————————————————–20-30
High Tensile (heat treated)
35 to 40 Rockwell c————————————————————30-40
40 to 45 Rockwell c————————————————————25-35
45 to 50 Rockwell c————————————————————15-25
50 to 55 Rockwell c————————————————————-7-15
Managing
(heat treated)——————————————————-7-20
(Annealed)———————————————————————40-55
Stainless Steel
Free machining group 303,303se,430f,416f,420f————————————————–30-100
Chromium-nickel group (non-hardenable) (300 series) (1) (400 series (2)———————————————-20-60
Straight chromium group heat treated (400 series (3)——————————————————————10-30
Titanium alloys—————————————————————-50-60
Commercially pure————————————————————50-60
Recommended Feeds of Various Diameter Drills
Diameter of Drill ————————————- Feed in Inches per Revolution
Under 1/16 ——————————————————— .001 to .003
1/8 to 1/4 ———————————————————- .002 to .006
1/4 to 1/2 ———————————————————- .004 to .010
1/2 to 1.0 ———————————————————– .007 to .015
1.0 and over ——————————————————– .015 to .025
Note: It is best to start with a moderate speed and feed, increasing either one, or both, after observing the action and condition of the drill.
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Tapping Information:
English Thread
Tap Size | Fractional Drill Size | Number Drill Size | Letter Drill Size |
0-80 | 3/64 | - | - |
1-64 | - | 53 | - |
2-56 | - | 50 | - |
3-48 | - | 47 | - |
4-40 | 3/32 | 43 | - |
5-40 | - | 38 | - |
6-32 | 7/64 | 36 | - |
8-32 | - | 29 | - |
10-24 | 9/64 | 25 | - |
10-32 | 5/32 | 21 | - |
12-24 | 11/64 | 16 | - |
1/4-20 | 13/64 | 7 | - |
1/4-28 | 7/32 | 3 | - |
5/16-18 | 17/64 | - | F |
5/16-24 | - | - | I |
3/8-16 | 5/16 | - | - |
3/8-24 | 21/64 | - | Q |
7/16-14 | 23/64 | - | U |
7/16-20 | 25/64 | - | - |
1/2-13 | 27/64 | - | - |
1/2-20 | 29/64 | - | - |
9/16-12 | 31/64 | - | - |
9/16-18 | 33/64 | - | - |
5/8-11 | 17/32 | - | - |
5/8-18 | 37/64 | - | - |
3/4-10 | 21/32 | - | - |
3/4-16 | 11/16 | - | - |
Drill sizes are for 75% depth of thread. |
Metric Threads
Tap | Metric Drill | Imperial Drill |
3 mm × 0.5 | 2.5 mm | - |
4 mm × 0.7 | 3.3 mm | - |
5 mm × 0.8 | 4.2 mm | - |
6 mm × 1.0 | 5.0 mm | - |
7 mm × 1.0 | 6.0 mm | 15/64 |
8 mm × 1.25 | 6.8 mm | 17/64 |
8 mm × 1.0 | 7.0 mm | - |
10 mm × 1.5 | 8.5 mm | - |
10 mm × 1.25 | 8.8 mm | 11/32 |
10 mm × 1.0 | 9.0 mm | - |
12 mm × 1.75 | 10.3 mm | - |
12 mm × 1.5 | 10.5 mm | 27/64 |
14 mm × 2.0 | 12.0 mm | - |
14 mm × 1.5 | 12.5 mm | 1/2 |
16 mm × 2.0 | 14.0 mm | 35/64 |
16 mm × 1.5 | 14.5 mm | - |
Drill sizes are for 75% depth of thread. |
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Surface Speed Per Minute Revolutions Per Minute
SFM = .26 * Diameter * RPM RPM = ( 3.82 * SFM ) / Diameter
Inches Per Minute Feed Per Tooth
IPM = RPM * FPR FPT = FPR / Number of Effective Teeth
Material Removal Rate Cut Time
MRR = WOC * DOC * IPM CT = LOC / IPM
Feed Per Revolution
FPR = IPM / RPM or Effective Flutes * Feed per Flute
WOC = width of cut LOC = length of cut DOC = depth of cut
Milling Speed and Feed Calculator
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Turning Speed and Feed Calculator
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Heat treat Hardness Conversion
Brinell/Rockwell/Tensile Chart
Brinell |
Rockwell |
Rockwell |
Rockwell |
Tensile |
745 |
65.3 |
- |
84.1 |
- |
712 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
682 |
61.7 |
- |
82.2 |
- |
653 |
60.0 |
- |
81.2 |
- |
627 |
58.7 |
- |
80.5 |
- |
601 |
57.3 |
- |
79.8 |
- |
578 |
56.0 |
- |
79.1 |
- |
555 |
54.7 |
- |
78.4 |
298 |
534 |
53.5 |
- |
77.8 |
288 |
514 |
52.1 |
- |
76.9 |
274 |
495 |
51.0 |
- |
76.3 |
264 |
477 |
49.6 |
- |
75.6 |
252 |
461 |
48.5 |
- |
74.9 |
242 |
444 |
47.1 |
- |
74.2 |
230 |
429 |
45.7 |
- |
73.4 |
219 |
415 |
44.5 |
- |
72.8 |
212 |
401 |
43.1 |
- |
72.0 |
202 |
388 |
41.8 |
- |
71.4 |
193 |
375 |
40.4 |
- |
70.6 |
184 |
363 |
39.1 |
- |
70.0 |
177 |
352 |
37.9 |
- |
69.3 |
170 |
341 |
36.6 |
- |
68.7 |
163 |
331 |
35.5 |
- |
68.1 |
158 |
321 |
34.3 |
- |
76.5 |
152 |
311 |
33.1 |
- |
66.9 |
147 |
302 |
32.1 |
- |
66.3 |
143 |
293 |
30.9 |
- |
65.7 |
139 |
285 |
29.9 |
- |
65.3 |
135 |
277 |
28.8 |
- |
64.6 |
131 |
269 |
27.6 |
- |
64.1 |
128 |
262 |
26.6 |
- |
63.6 |
125 |
255 |
25.4 |
- |
63.0 |
121 |
248 |
24.2 |
- |
62.5 |
118 |
241 |
22.8 |
100.0 |
61.8 |
114 |
235 |
21.7 |
99.0 |
61.4 |
111 |
229 |
20.5 |
98.2 |
60.8 |
109 |
223 |
- |
97.3 |
- |
104 |
217 |
- |
96.4 |
- |
103 |
212 |
- |
95.5 |
- |
100 |
207 |
- |
94.6 |
- |
99 |
201 |
- |
93.8 |
- |
97 |
197 |
- |
92.8 |
- |
94 |
192 |
- |
91.9 |
- |
92 |
187 |
- |
90.7 |
- |
90 |
183 |
- |
90.0 |
- |
89 |
179 |
- |
89.0 |
- |
88 |
174 |
- |
87.8 |
- |
86 |
170 |
- |
86.8 |
- |
84 |
167 |
- |
86.0 |
- |
83 |
163 |
- |
85.0 |
- |
82 |
156 |
- |
82.9 |
- |
80 |
149 |
- |
80.8 |
- |
- |
143 |
- |
78.7 |
- |
- |
137 |
- |
76.4 |
- |
- |
131 |
- |
74.0 |
- |
- |
126 |
- |
72.0 |
- |
- |
121 |
- |
69.8 |
- |
- |
116 |
- |
67.6 |
- |
- |
111 |
- |
65.7 |
- |
- |